📊 VC Pulse

Venture Capital Intelligence Report

December 31, 2025 • Synthesizing insights from top-tier VCs

🌍 Macro Outlook

Overall Sentiment

CAUTIOUS

Key Themes

AI Infrastructure MaturationMulti-Modal AI ApplicationsPost-ZIRP Value Creation

Market View

VCs are increasingly selective, focusing on companies with clear paths to profitability. The era of growth-at-any-cost is definitively over, with emphasis shifting to unit economics and sustainable business models.

Funding Environment

Series A+ rounds seeing 40-60% longer close times. Seed still competitive for AI infrastructure, but Series B/C experiencing significant valuation compression. Flight to quality evident across all stages.

Valuation Trends

Public market multiples compressing (SaaS trading at 6-8x revenue vs 15x+ in 2021). Late-stage private valuations down 30-50% from peak, but seed/Series A holding steady for AI-first companies.

🔥 Hot Sectors

AI Infrastructure & Tooling 🔥🔥🔥 HOT

The picks-and-shovels play for the AI gold rush. Infrastructure layer seeing massive demand as enterprises move from experimentation to production deployment.

📈 Stage: Series A 🏢 Examples: Pinecone, Weights & Biases, Modal Labs
Key Opportunities:
  • Model optimization platforms
  • AI observability tools
  • Vector databases
Risks:
  • Commoditization risk as hyperscalers build competing services
  • Open source alternatives
a16zIndexLightspeedGeneral Catalyst
Vertical AI SaaS 🔥🔥🔥 HOT

AI-native software for specific industries, offering 10x better solutions than incumbents by embedding AI deeply into workflows.

📈 Stage: Seed 🏢 Examples: Harvey, Glean, Jasper
Key Opportunities:
  • Legal tech AI
  • Healthcare diagnostics
  • Financial underwriting
Risks:
  • Incumbent response
  • Regulatory hurdles in healthcare/finance
SequoiaBessemerAccelGreylock
Climate Tech Infrastructure 🔥🔥 WARM

Physical infrastructure for the energy transition is finally investable at scale, with clear policy tailwinds and corporate demand.

📈 Stage: Growth 🏢 Examples: Commonwealth Fusion, Redwood Materials, Sila Nanotechnologies
Key Opportunities:
  • Grid-scale batteries
  • Carbon capture
  • Green hydrogen
Risks:
  • Long development cycles
  • Regulatory dependency
Breakthrough Energya16zGeneral Catalyst
Developer Infrastructure 🔥🔥 WARM

AI-augmented development tools creating massive productivity gains. The next generation of developer experience is being built now.

📈 Stage: Series A 🏢 Examples: GitHub Copilot, Cursor, LinearB
Key Opportunities:
  • AI code generation
  • Automated testing
  • Security scanning
Risks:
  • Big Tech building competing products
  • Developer adoption friction
BenchmarkAccelIndex
Fintech Infrastructure 🔥 EMERGING

Next-gen financial rails for AI-first businesses, embedded finance, and real-time payments infrastructure.

📈 Stage: Series A 🏢 Examples: Modern Treasury, Unit, Ramp
Key Opportunities:
  • Real-time payments
  • Embedded lending
  • Treasury management
Risks:
  • Regulatory complexity
  • Bank partnerships required
SequoiaStripeBessemer

🔦 VC Spotlight

Andreessen Horowitz
Martin Casado
2024-12-15
The Great AI Infrastructure Buildout - comparing current moment to the internet infrastructure boom of the late 90s

We're in the early innings of a massive infrastructure cycle. Companies building the picks and shovels for AI will capture disproportionate value.

"Every enterprise will become an AI company, and they'll need entirely new infrastructure to make that transition."
AI InfrastructureDeveloper Tools
Contrarian View: Believes current AI model costs will drop 10x in next 2 years, enabling new use cases
Sequoia Capital
Pat Grady
2024-11-20
The Adaptation Economy - how AI transforms every vertical

The biggest opportunities are in applying AI to transform existing industries, not building AI for AI's sake.

"The companies that will win are those that use AI to solve real problems, not those that are just AI companies."
Vertical SaaSHealthcare AI
Contrarian View: Most AI companies today are building solutions looking for problems
Index Ventures
Carlos Espinal
2024-12-10
European AI advantage in regulated industries

Europe's regulatory-first approach to AI gives European startups an advantage in healthcare, finance, and other regulated sectors.

"GDPR was painful, but it prepared European companies for an AI-regulated world."
RegTechHealthcare AIFintech
Contrarian View: Regulation will be a moat, not a burden, for AI companies
Benchmark
Sarah Tavel
2024-11-28
The Return to First Principles in SaaS

Best SaaS companies are returning to focusing on core metrics: ARR growth, net retention, and path to profitability.

"The party's over. It's back to building great businesses with great unit economics."
B2B SaaSDeveloper Tools
Contrarian View: Many 'AI-first' companies are just incumbents with AI sprinkled on top

🌱 Emerging Themes

🌱 AI Agents for Business Processes Mainstream adoption 2025-2027

Autonomous AI agents that can complete multi-step business tasks with minimal human oversight

Why Now:

LLMs finally reliable enough for production use, and businesses desperate for productivity gains

Market Potential:

$50B+ TAM in process automation

Early signals from: Greylock, Lightspeed, General Catalyst

Companies to watch: Adept, Embra, Lindy

🌱 Climate Adaptation Technology Rapid growth 2025-2030

Technology to help businesses and communities adapt to climate change impacts rather than just prevent them

Why Now:

Climate impacts accelerating faster than mitigation efforts, creating massive adaptation needs

Market Potential:

$1T+ adaptation market by 2030

Early signals from: Breakthrough Energy, Lowercarbon Capital

Companies to watch: Jupiter, Cervest, Climate Engine

🌱 Spatial Computing Infrastructure Infrastructure phase now, apps 2026+

Backend services and tools for AR/VR and mixed reality applications

Why Now:

Apple Vision Pro and Meta's continued investment creating developer ecosystem

Market Potential:

$100B+ by 2030

Early signals from: a16z, Kleiner Perkins

Companies to watch: Niantic, 8th Wall, Clay AIR

🌱 Biotech AI Platforms First AI-discovered drugs in trials now, approvals 2027+

AI-first drug discovery and development platforms that can dramatically reduce time and cost

Why Now:

AI models now sophisticated enough to predict molecular behavior with high accuracy

Market Potential:

$200B+ pharma R&D spend addressable

Early signals from: a16z Bio Fund, GV, Kleiner Perkins

Companies to watch: Recursion, Insitro, Genesis Therapeutics

❄️ Cooling Sectors

❄️ Consumer Social

Previous: Red hot 2020-2022 → Now: Significantly cooled

User acquisition costs skyrocketed, Apple's iOS changes hurt attribution, and ad market contracted. No clear path to monetization for new entrants.

What Changed: Platform risk from Apple/Google, difficulty competing with TikTok/Instagram for attention

VCs Cautious: Benchmark, Greylock, General Catalyst

❄️ NFT/Web3 Consumer

Previous: Extremely hot 2021-2022 → Now: Ice cold

Speculative bubble burst, regulatory uncertainty, and lack of real utility beyond speculation became apparent.

What Changed: Market realized most NFT projects lacked sustainable value propositions

VCs Cautious: a16z, Paradigm, Coinbase Ventures

❄️ Direct-to-Consumer Brands

Previous: Very hot 2019-2021 → Now: Significantly cooled

Customer acquisition costs increased 3-5x, supply chain disruptions, and difficulty achieving profitability at scale.

What Changed: iOS 14.5 changes made performance marketing much more expensive and difficult

VCs Cautious: Forerunner, Lightspeed, Accel

👨‍💻 Founder Insights

AI Model Selection

Don't build your own foundation model unless you have $100M+ and a very specific use case. Focus on fine-tuning and application layer.

💡 Use APIs from OpenAI, Anthropic, or Google initially. Build your moat in data, workflow, or distribution.

— Sequoia Capital

Enterprise Sales in 2025

Enterprise buyers are more educated about AI but also more skeptical. They want proof of ROI, not demos.

💡 Lead with business outcomes, not technology features. Have clear ROI calculations and reference customers.

— Bessemer Venture Partners

Fundraising Strategy

Raise 24+ months of runway. Funding cycles are longer and more difficult than 2021-2022.

💡 Start fundraising 6 months before you need money. Have multiple scenarios planned based on different raise amounts.

— Lightspeed Venture Partners

Team Building

AI talent is still extremely scarce and expensive. Consider remote-first to access global talent pool.

💡 Offer equity packages competitive with big tech. Consider hiring from academia and providing industry transition support.

— Index Ventures

💰 Deal Activity

Deal volume down 40% YoY but average deal size up 15% as VCs concentrate on higher-conviction investments. Series A success rates dropped to 1 in 200 pitches vs 1 in 100 in 2021.

🚀 Mega Rounds

Anthropic $4B

Series C • Lead: Google • Others: Spark Capital, Salesforce Ventures

Validates continued massive investment in AI foundation models despite questions about profitability

Foundation Models
xAI $6B

Series B • Lead: Valor Equity Partners • Others: a16z, Sequoia Capital

Elon Musk's AI play shows continued appetite for contrarian bets on AI architectures

AI Infrastructure
Groq $640M

Series D • Lead: BlackRock • Others: Neuberger Berman, Type One Ventures

Hardware-software co-design for AI inference gaining traction as alternative to NVIDIA dominance

AI Hardware

🚪 Notable Exits

UiPath $35B

Acquisition • Key investors: Accel, CapitalG, Kleiner Perkins

Even in tough market, high-quality automation companies with strong financials can command premium valuations

Instacart $39B

IPO • Key investors: Sequoia Capital, a16z, D1 Capital

Path to profitability and strong unit economics matter more than growth rate in current market

🎯 Contrarian Takes

Benchmark Capital

Their View

Most AI startups will fail because they're solutions looking for problems, not the other way around

VS
Consensus

AI is transformative and any AI company can find product-market fit

Reasoning: True innovation comes from deep domain expertise + technology, not technology looking for applications

Their Bet: Investing in vertical software companies that happen to use AI, not AI companies looking for verticals

Kleiner Perkins

Their View

Climate tech will see faster adoption than AI in enterprise

VS
Consensus

AI is the fastest-growing enterprise category

Reasoning: Regulatory pressure and consumer demand creating pull, not just push from technology

Their Bet: Doubling down on climate tech infrastructure with $2B+ committed